On this day in 1960, hundreds of University of California, Berkeley students congregated for the first day of protest against a visit by the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Thirty-one students were arrested, and the Free Speech Movement is born.
On this day in 1981, Mehmet Ali Ağca attempted to assassinate Pope John Paul II in St. Peter's Square in Rome. The Pope was rushed to the Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic to undergo emergency surgery and survived.
On this day in 1994, Johnny Carson made his last television appearance on Late Show with David Letterman.
On this day in 2014, an explosion at an underground coal mine in south-western Turkey killed 301 miners.