On July 24, 1567, Mary, Queen of Scots was forced to abdicate and was replaced by her 1-year-old son James VI. James would later become James I of England after uniting the English and Scottish crowns in 1603.
On this day in 1911 – Hiram Bingham III re-discovered Machu Picchu, "the Lost City of the Incas."
On this day in 1959, US Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev held their famous "Kitchen Debate" on the merits of capitalism versus communism at the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow.
On this day in 2001, Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the last tsar of Bulgaria when he was a child, was sworn in as prime minister of Bulgaria. This was the first example in history of a former monarch regaining political power through democratic election.